Cybersecurity

What is Spear Phishing?

Quick answer

A targeted phishing attack aimed at a specific person or organization, using personal details to make the message more convincing.

Spear Phishing, explained

General phishing sends the same message to many people and hopes a few respond. Spear phishing is carefully tailored. Attackers research their target through company websites, social media, and previous data breaches, then write a message that refers to real colleagues, projects, suppliers, or events.

For example, an employee in accounts payable might receive an email that appears to come from a known supplier, mentions a real recent order, and asks for payment to updated bank details. Because the message looks familiar and relevant, it is far more likely to succeed than a generic scam. Attacks aimed at senior executives are sometimes called whaling. Defenses include security awareness training, email authentication, verifying payment changes by phone using known contact details, and multi-factor authentication.

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