Hardware & Industry 4.0

What is Near Field Communication?

Quick answer

A short-range wireless technology, known as NFC, that lets devices exchange data when held a few centimetres apart.

Near Field Communication, explained

Near field communication works at very short distances, typically about four centimetres or less, using radio frequency at 13.56 megahertz. Because the range is so short, connecting usually requires a deliberate tap. NFC is built into most modern smartphones, many smartwatches, payment cards, transit cards, and building access badges.

The best-known use is contactless payment, where a phone or card communicates with a payment terminal. Other uses include tapping a phone on a sticker to open a restaurant's menu or review page, pairing headphones with a phone, sharing contact details, and checking product authenticity. For example, a museum might place NFC tags beside exhibits so visitors can tap for audio guides. NFC tags can be read by anyone nearby with a compatible device, so they should not store sensitive information unprotected.

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